Australia’s engagement in global climate initiatives has seen significant evolution, reflecting a commitment to addressing climate change both domestically and internationally.
Commitment to the Paris Agreement
As a party to the Paris Agreement, Australia has pledged to contribute to global efforts aimed at limiting the rise in global temperatures. The agreement, which came into force in 2016, sets out goals to hold the increase in global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C. Australia has been actively involved in these international efforts, aligning its national policies with the agreement’s objectives.
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
Under the Paris Agreement, countries are required to submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) outlining their plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Australia’s latest NDC, submitted in September 2025, commits to reducing emissions by 62-70% below 2005 levels by 2035. This target is supported by comprehensive plans, including the Net Zero Plan and six sector-specific emissions reduction strategies.
Hosting COP31
In a significant development, Australia is set to serve as the President of Negotiations for the 31st Conference of the Parties (COP31) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Scheduled to be held in Antalya, Türkiye, in November 2026, Australia’s role will involve setting the agenda for negotiations and collaborating with the international community to advance climate action. This leadership position underscores Australia’s commitment to playing a constructive role in global climate discussions.
Regional Collaboration
Australia continues to work closely with Pacific island countries to address the unique challenges posed by climate change in the region. This collaboration includes supporting initiatives aimed at enhancing climate resilience and adaptation strategies, recognizing the shared vulnerabilities and the importance of regional cooperation in tackling climate issues.
Domestic Policy Alignment
Domestically, Australia has been aligning its policies to meet international commitments. The government’s Net Zero Plan and sectoral decarbonisation plans are designed to achieve the ambitious 2035 emissions reduction target. These initiatives aim to grow the economy, strengthen industrial competitiveness, and safeguard the health and wellbeing of Australians, while providing clear signals to investors to accelerate decarbonisation efforts.
Australia’s evolving role in global climate action reflects a commitment to both international cooperation and domestic policy alignment, positioning the nation as an active participant in the global effort to combat climate change.